Basics
Zika virus is usually spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Symptoms can include fever, rash, pain in the joints, or conjunctivitis (pink eye). These symptoms will begin within two weeks after returning from an affected area. Treatment is generally supportive care and there is currently no antiviral treatment or vaccine that exists for Zika virus infections.
Zika virus can also be transmitted during sex, but the likelihood of spreading the virus during sex is unknown. To date, all reported cases of sexual transmission of Zika virus have been from symptomatic male partners. Until more is known about the risk of sexual transmission of Zika, men who reside in or have traveled to an area affected with Zika and have a pregnant partner, should abstain from sexual activity or consistently and correctly use condoms during sex.
Traveling and Testing
It is very important that individuals traveling to an affected country take the proper precautions to prevent mosquito bites. More information can be found on the CDC’s Pre-Travel Consultation website.
Until more is known and out of an abundance of caution, pregnant women should consider postponing travel to any area where Zika virus transmission is ongoing.
The health department will work with the state lab and CDC to prioritize public health testing of suspected cases meeting exposure and clinical criteria. More information on testing in Virginia can be found on the VDH Zika Virus website.
Mosquito control
The best way to prevent mosquito-borne diseases is to control breeding habits and prevent mosquito bites. More information on mosquito control and prevention can be found on our environmental health webpage.
Additional Resources