Measles

Measles is a very contagious disease caused by a virus that lives in the nose and throat of an infected person.

The virus is released when an infected person breathes or coughs. It spreads easily from person to person through the air or by direct contact with nose or throat discharges from someone who is infected. Measles symptoms include fever and a rash that starts on the face at the hairline and spreads to the neck, trunk, arms, legs, and feet. A cough, runny nose, or red, itchy eyes might also be present. Symptoms usually begin 7–14 days after exposure, but can appear up to 21 days after exposure. Measles is a serious illness that can cause complications that lead to hospitalization and even death.

Measles is easily preventable.

A safe and effective vaccine that prevents measles is given as part of the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine or the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine series. Since measles-containing vaccines became available in the United States, the disease has become rare in this country. Two doses of the vaccine are given to provide lifetime protection. The first dose is given at age 12-15 months and the second dose is given before kindergarten entry (age 4-6 years). Over 90% of the U.S. population is vaccinated against measles and approximately 95% of kindergarteners in Virginia are vaccinated against measles. However, infants younger than 12 months old are too young to be vaccinated. These infants and others who are not vaccinated are very susceptible to infection if they are exposed to someone with measles.

Am I protected against measles?

You are considered immune and protected against measles if you have written documentation (records) showing at least one of the following: 

  • You received two doses of measles-containing vaccine, and you are a(n) 
    • School-aged child (grades K-12) 
    • Adult who will be in a setting that poses a high risk for measles transmission, including students at post-high school education institutions, healthcare personnel, and international travelers. 
  • You received one dose of measles-containing vaccine, and you are a(n)  
    • Preschool-aged child 
    • Adult who will not be in a setting that poses a high risk for measles transmission, including students at post-high school education institutions, healthcare personnel, and international travelers. 
  • A laboratory confirmed that you had measles at some point in your life. 
  • A laboratory confirmed that you are immune to measles. 
  • You were born before 1957. 

If you’re unsure whether you’re immune to measles, you should first try to find your vaccination records or documentation of measles immunity. To check your immunization status, call your healthcare provider or request records from the VDH Immunization Record Request Form.   

Measles Exposure Notices in Virginia: 2024

February 2, 2024 

On February 2, 2024, VDH notified people who were at Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD) on January 27, 2024 in the international arrivals area of the main terminal between 6:00 am and 9:30 am that they may have been exposed to a person with measles returning from international travel. The Maryland Department of Health reported additional potential locations of exposure in Maryland.  

VDH recommended that anyone who might have been exposed and could be at risk of developing measles (i.e., has never received a measles containing vaccine) watch for symptoms until February 17, 2024.

As of February 17, 2024, the monitoring period concluded with no secondary cases identified in Virginia.

January 13, 2024 

On January 13, 2024, VDH notified the public of an exposure event from a person infected with measles who traveled through Dulles International Airport (IAD) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) between January 3rd – 4th, 2024.   

VDH recommended that anyone who might have been exposed and could be at risk of developing measles (i.e., has never received a measles containing vaccine) watch for symptoms until January 25, 2024. 

As of January 25, 2024, the monitoring period concluded with no secondary cases identified in Virginia. 

Last updated: February 19, 2024