12 VAC 5-581-370 Design Factors
A. Basis
B. Factors
C. Capacity
12 VAC 5-581-380 Design Details
A. Sizing
B. Placement
12 VAC 5-581-390 Construction Details
A. Pipe Joints
B. Leakage Testing
C. Building Sewers
D. Trench Construction
12 VAC 5-581-400 Vacuum Sewerage System
A. Features
B. Connection Valves
C. Receiving Station
D. Service
E. Operability
12 VAC 5-581-410 Manholes
A. Location
B. Materials
C. Features
D. Leakage Testing
12 VAC 5-581-420 Water Quality and Public Health Protection
A. Design Intergity
B. Water Supplies
12 VAC 5-581-430 System Access
12 VAC 5-581-440 Sewage Pumping
A. Features
B. Ventilation
C. Water Supply
D. Service
E. Wet Wells
12 VAC 5-581-450 Reliability
A. Purpose
B. Continuous Operability
C. Electrical Power
D. Power Distribution
12 VAC 5-581-460 Pumping Equipment
A. Proper Location
B. Electrical Protection
C. Testing
D. Generator E. Manuals
12 VAC 5-581-470 Portable Equipment and Diversions
A. Needs
B. Submittals
C. Controlled Diversion
12 VAC 5-581-480 Alarm Systems
A. Class I
B. Class II and III
C. Backup
12 VAC 5-581-490 Alternatives
A. General
B. Suction Lift
C. Submersible
D. Pneumatic Ejectors
E. Grinder
12 VAC 5-581-500 Force Mains
A. Capacity
B. Connections
C. Materials
D. Installation
12 VAC 5-581-510 Treatment Works Design
A. Location
B. Restrictions
C. Flooding
D. Closure
12 VAC 5-581-520 Standards
A. Industrial Flows
B. Design Loadings
C. Pilot Plant Studies
D. Grease Management
E. Expected Performance
12 VAC 5-581-530 Treatment Works Details
A. Equipment
B. Instrumentation
C. Component Isolation
D. Maintenance Provisions
E. Essential Facilities
F. Odor Control
12 VAC 5-581-540 Treatment Works Outfalls
A. Velocity
B. Structures
C. Protection
12 VAC 5-581-550 Reliability Protection
A. Power Feed
B. Power Source
C. Power Systems
D. Flow Storage
E. Alarm Systems
12 VAC 5-581-560 Screening
A. Requirements 119
B. Design
C. Flow Control
D. Screening Management
12 VAC 5-581-570 Grit Removal Facilities
12 VAC 5-581-580 Preaeration
12 VAC 5-581-590 Clarifiers
A. Design
B. Loadings
C. Sludge Removal & Handling
12 VAC 5-581-600 Sludge Stabilization
12 VAC 5-581-610 Anaerobic Digestion
A. Design
B. Loadings
C. Completely Mixed Systems
D. Gas Collection
E. Energy Control
F. Supernatant Handling
12 VAC 5-581-620 Aerobic Sludge Digestion
A. Design
B. Loadings
12 VAC 5-581-630 Composting
A. General Design
B. Facilities
C. System Design
D. Aeration
E. Compost Handling
12 VAC 5-581-640 Heat Treatment
A. Design
B. Features
12 VAC 5-581-650 Chemical Treatment
A. Alkaline Treatment
B. Chlorine Treatment
C. Other Treatment
12 VAC 5-581-660 Sludge Thickening
A. General Design
B. Gravity Systems
C. Dissolved Air Flotation
D. Centrifugal Separation
12 VAC 5-581-670 Sludge Dewatering
A. Capacity
B. Conditioning
12 VAC 5-581-680 Sludge Drying Beds
A. Design
B. Media
12 VAC 5-581-690 Filtration
A. Rotary Drums
B. Plate and Frame Presses
C. Belt Presses
D. Additional Design Features
12 VAC 5-581-700 Centrifuges
12 VAC 5-581-710 Sludge Pumping
12 VAC 5-581-720 Sludge Management
12 VAC 5-581-730 Attached Growth Processes
A. Trickling Filters
B. Features
C. Reactor Media
D. Roughing Reactors
E. Biological Sand Filters
12 VAC 5-581-740 Rotating Biological Contactors
A. Design
B. Features
12 VAC 5-581-750 Suspended Growth (Activated Sludge)Process
A. Design
B. Nitrification
C. Reactor Requirements
D. Aeration
E. Biomass Control
F. High Purity Oxygen
G. Biomass Support Systems
12 VAC 5-581-760 Oxidation Ditches
A. Design
B. Aeration
12 VAC 5-581-770 Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR)
A. Design
B. Features
12 VAC 5-581-780 Sewage Stabilization Ponds and Aerated Lagoons
A. General Design
B. Loading Design
C. Features
D. Liners
E. Hydraulics
12 VAC 5-581-790 Aerated Lagoons
A. Design
B. Mechanical Aeration
C. Diffused Aeration
12 VAC 5-581-800 Disinfection
A. Policy
B. Toxicity Reduction
12 VAC 5-581-810 Chlorination
A. Chemical
B. Design
C. Dose Control
D. Dose Application
E. Features
F. Safety
G. Monitoring
12 VAC 5-581-820 Bromochlorination
A. Design
B. Dose Control
C. Features
D. Safety
E. Monitoring
12 VAC 5-581-830 Ultraviolet Light Irradiation (UV)
A. Design Parameters
B. Design Dose
C. Features
D. Dose Control
E. Hydraulics
F. Safety
G. Monitoring
12 VAC 5-581-840 Ozonation
A. Parameters
B. Design
C. Ozone Supply
D. Features
E. Safety
F. Monitoring
12 VAC 5-581-850 Other Disinfection Methods
A. Chlorine Dioxide
B. Electrolytic Oxidants
12 VAC 5-581-860 Dechlorination
A. Usage
B. Features
C. Safety
D. Monitoring
E. Other Methods
12 VAC 5-581-870 Polishing Ponds
A. Useage
B. Design
C. Aeration
D. Features
12 VAC 5-581-880 Postaeration
A. Mechanical Aeration
B. Diffused Aeration
C. Cascade Type
Article 8 - Advanced Treatment
12 VAC 5-581-890 Flow Equalization
A. Useage
B. Design
12 VAC 5-581-900 Chemical Treatment
A. Useage B. Features
C. Safety
12 VAC 5-581-910 Chemical Clarification
A. General Design
B. Mixing
C. Flocculation
D. Low Intensity Mixing
E. Conventional Clarifiers
F. Reactor Clarifiers
12 VAC 5-581-920 Filtration
A. General Design
B. Backwashing
C. Deep Bed Filters
D. Rapid Rate Filters
E. High Rate Gravity Filters
F. Shallow Bed Filters
G. Pressure Filtration
H. Traveling Bridge
I. Microstraining
J. Non-fixed Beds and Upflow
K. Membrane, Ultra and Micro
L. Carbon Adsorption
12 VAC 5-581-930 Conventional Alternatives
12 VAC 5-581-940 Land Treatment
A. Site Design
B. Site Features
C. Land Treatment Methods
D. Other Alternatives
E. Features
F. Design Loadings
G. Field Area Design
H. Low Intensity Design
I. Rapid Infiltration
J. Overland Flow
K. Alternative Design
12 VAC 5-581-950 Constructed Wetlands
A. Design
B. Features
12 VAC 5-581-960 Nutrient Reduction
A. Aquatic Plant Systems
B. Biological Nutrient Removal
C. Denitrification
D. Selector Systems
E. Attached Growth Systems
12 VAC 5-581-970 Biological Nitrification
A. Single Stage Design
B. Two Stage Design
C. Fixed Film Design
12 VAC 5-581-980 Ammonia Stripping
12 VAC 5-581-990 Ion Exchange